If you talk to the general public (not just people who go to fine dining restaurants) about tipping, I bet you would get a response that spreads the tip spectrum over the 10-20% field. People seem to think that 10-15% is acceptable for cheap places like Applebees because they may be less likely to know tipping etiquette. On a check at one of those places, the difference between 15 and 20% may only be a couple of dollars. At a fine dining restaurant, it may be $30-40. The server at a cheap place has to do that much more volume to make a living wage.
You may argue that the customer is under no obligation to verbally or otherwise report service issues. I would agree with you. The only thing "required" of the customer is that they pay for what they order. You will get a lot farther as a guest if you help create a dining culture that makes it as pleasant for the next person who eats there as you hope it will be for you. Online reviews are very common, and very useful for restaurants, as are comment cards and emails/phone calls to the manager if you don't want to do it in person.
We know the repeat guests who don't tip well; most restaurants will make a note of it under your name if you make a reservation. We don't give them any less professional or courteous service than those who tip 20% or more. But we may also be less willing to go the extra mile and do favors or bring extra treats from the kitchen or tastes of the newest wines or spirits than we would be for those who are good diners & tippers.
What benefit does tipping 15% instead of 20% give you as a diner? Sure, you may save a couple of bucks, but if you are already eating out, we can assume you aren't strapped for cash. Why not tip 20% (assuming service is good and you aren't trying to convey a message with your tip)? Until the stupid system is fixed and servers are paid more than $2.13 an hour, the responsibility for giving the server an opportunity to earn an honest living falls on the guest, not the restaurant. That is the system and unless the restaurant goes above and pays their servers a higher hourly, there is nothing we can do about it.
Maybe we should take all this energy we spend complaining about tipping and turn it in to lobbying for a change in this country in the minimum wage for waitstaff or a switch to the European model where service is included....
