Victorwine wrote:I believe “vinum” is Latin and “oinos” is Greek.
Indeed, but the etymology of this word is rather complicated. Because the Greek actually had a
digamma originally, so it was actually
woinos - and there you can see that it is actually the same root in both Latin and Greek. But the etymology of the word becomes even more complicated because some Caucasian languages (which, of course, are completely unrelated to Indo-European ones like Latin and Greek) have a similar sounding root to describe wine (e.g.
ghvino in Georgian).
But, just to make sure that things aren't too simple, Semitic languages (once again, completely unrelated to both Indo-European and Caucasian languages) also have such a root! It's quite a rare root, but it can be traced back through so many languages for such a long time that it can be reconstructed as part of proto-Semitic - i.e. it is not a loan word from either I-E or Caucasian languages! We find it in Hebrew as *
yayin, in Arabic as
wayn and in Epigraphic Old South Arabic as a tri-consonantal root whose vocalization we don't know as
WYN.
It seems that the word is one of these pan-Mediterranean words that seems to be natural to all the language groups in the area. There are a couple other famous ones like this, e.g. "bull" Greek
taur- which is
thawr in Arabic; or "seven" which is
sept- in Latin and
sebet- in Akkadian. These are really interesting words because they hint at contact between speakers of proto-IE and proto-Semitic from times before historical linguistics can reach back to.
* Etymologically this also begins with *w- but in Hebrew the sound for some reason has changed to y- , except in the case of the word "and" which is *wa and is also [i]wa[/] in Hebrew.
I don't drink wine because of religious reasons ... only for other reasons.